Bacteria in the mouth turn the sugar in food into acid. Over time that acid wears away the hard outer layer of the tooth, the enamel, and forms a small hole — a cavity. Early cavities rarely hurt, so many people notice them late.
Main causes
- Frequent sweets and sugary drinks
- Going to bed without brushing
- Food trapped between teeth
- A dry mouth or low saliva flow
How to prevent them
- Brush twice a day with fluoride toothpaste
- Floss once a day
- Have sweets with meals rather than snacking all day
- Get a check-up every six months
Early signs
White or brown spots, sensitivity to cold or sweet foods, or food catching in one place can all be early signs. At this stage a small filling usually fixes the problem.
When to see a dentist
See a dentist as soon as you notice a spot, a hole or pain — early treatment means less cost and less discomfort.